SCO Merge User's Guide
Chapter 1, Getting started with DOS and Windows

Chapter 1

Getting started with DOS and Windows


Table of Contents

Introduction

SCO Merge is an add-on to the UNIX operating system that provides the capability to run DOS, Windows, and UNIX applications simultaneously on your PC.

With SCO Merge, you can install DOS and Windows operating systems from the standard installation media and then install and use off-the-shelf DOS and Windows applications in a multiuser, multitasking environment.

UNIX is the master operating system that controls the physical hardware and file systems on your PC, while SCO Merge provides a complete virtual PC environment for the DOS and Windows operating systems. DOS and Windows applications execute in this environment as they would on a standard PC, with UNIX providing the needed protection and resource arbitration underneath.

Beginning DOS and Windows sessions


NOTE: Before you can start DOS or Windows, these operating systems need to be installed on your system from standard installation media using the

Each user needs to install his or her own copy of Windows.

If you are planning to use Windows 95, DOS will automatically get installed when you install Windows 95 on your system. If you are planning to use Windows 3.1, Windows 3.11, Windows for Workgroups, or just DOS by itself, you will have to install DOS first. See Chapter 2, ``Installing Windows'' for instructions.


If you are working in a desktop environment, follow the appropriate procedure to access the Merge utilities:

The DOS and Win utilities are used to start DOS and Windows sessions on your desktop. The Merge Setup utility is used for administration of DOS and Windows environment.

When you invoke the DOS utility, a DOS session starts in a new window on your Desktop with the standard DOS prompt (C:\>) displayed.

When you invoke the Win utility, a Windows session starts inside a new window on your Desktop. If you have not installed the Windows/X driver, you will be prompted to zoom your session in order to take over the whole display. (You can also configure your session to zoom automatically. See ``Zooming options'' in Chapter 4 for more information.)


NOTE: If the screen colors are strange or the text is unclear, see ``Controlling the SCO Merge window'' for information on resetting colors for your window.

If you want to start a Windows session in a full-screen configuration on the system console, type the following at the console's UNIX prompt:

This command starts an X server and runs SCO Merge as the only client, so there is no X window manager border around the SCO Merge Window. In this way, you can use the full resolution of the screen for a dedicated Windows session.

When the resolution of the Windows window is set to the resolution of the display, the SCO Merge menu and status bars are automatically hidden so the entire Window can easily fit.

You can bring the menu and status bars back into view with the Show Menu key, which is by default <Shift><F12>. To hide them again, select the Hide Menu option from the Window menu.


NOTE: To get the full high resolution that your console is capable of, you must configure Windows to use the SCO Merge X display driver.
If you are working in a non-Desktop environment, type the following at the UNIX prompt to start a DOS session: or type the following to start a Windows session:

Your UNIX screen clears and is replaced by a DOS or a Windows screen.


NOTE: If you are using SCO Merge from a remote X terminal or workstation or a serial terminal, see ``Appendix B, Using remote terminals'' for a discussion of important differences.

You can now use the SCO Merge environment just as you would use a standard computer running DOS or Windows. See Chapter 3, ``Working in the SCO Merge environment'' for details.

Most common DOS commands work exactly as they do on a conventional DOS computer. For the few restrictions, see ``Restricted DOS commands'' in Chapter 3. You can also install and use most off-the-shelf DOS and Windows applications by simply following the application's manufacturer's instructions for installing on a fixed disk. Section ``Installing applications'' in Chapter 3 provides some tips.


CAUTION: You cannot run multiple simultaneous Windows sessions at one time from a single copy of Windows.

NOTE: Except for Microsoft Windows, SCO Merge does not support DOS applications that require protected mode.

Ending DOS and Windows sessions

To end a DOS session properly, type the following at your DOS prompt: To end a Windows session, use the standard Windows method. Note that the Windows 95 options to shut down or restart your computer result in shutting down only your current Windows session, not the whole PC.

If, for some reason, a DOS or a Windows session doesn't shut down, you may have to kill it. Before you do this, exit any applications you are running. Killing a DOS or a Windows session results in the loss of any unsaved data.

To kill a session running in the Desktop environment, choose Exit from the Window menu.

In the non-Desktop environment, use the key sequence <Left Ctrl><Esc> , <Left Ctrl>K. (If you are working at a serial terminal or terminal emulator, see ``Terminal control codes'' in Appendix B for the appropriate kill session key sequence for your terminal.)


WARNING: Do not use kill -9 to kill a DOS or Windows session.

Merge Setup

Even though running DOS and Windows under SCO Merge is very much like running on a stand-alone PC, there are differences in the environment due to the underlying presence of UNIX. Hardware devices, memory, and file systems have to be shared by UNIX, DOS and Windows sessions, and this creates a need for an additional configuration layer, which SCO Merge provides through the Merge Setup graphical utility in a desktop environment as part of the Merge Tools.

Merge Setup also provides utilities for installing DOS and Windows from the standard installation media. (See Chapter 2, ``Installing Windows''.)

This utility is the starting point for performing system-wide or individual SCO Merge user configuration. On-line help is provided along the way, so you can simply run Merge Setup to see what you can do. You can also read Chapter 4, ``Configuring DOS and Windows sessions'' and Chapter 5, ``SCO Merge resource administration'' for more information.

If you are not working in the Desktop environment, SCO Merge provides a command-line interface for configuring your DOS and Windows sessions and for administering resources. See Chapter 6, ``Using SCO Merge from the command line'' for information.

Controlling the SCO Merge window

When you start a DOS or a Windows session with the Windows/X display driver from your Desktop environment, your session runs in a Desktop window. You can move the window, close it, or iconify it just like any other Desktop window.

You can control various other aspects of the window from the menus that appear on the menu bar.

Window menu

The Window menu provides the following options:

Zoom
Zooming a window causes it to expand so it fills your whole screen. When you want to run a DOS VGA (high-resolution) graphics program or use VGA mode Windows, you must zoom the window.

To unzoom (that is, return a zoomed window to its default size), use the Unzoom key, which is by default <Shift><F12>. (You can redefine this key if the default is not convenient or conflicts with your application. See Unzoom key tune option below.)

Hide Menu
Hides the SCO Merge menu and status bars.

To bring the menu and status bars back into view, use the Show Menu key, which is by default <Shift><F12>. (You can redefine this key if the default is not convenient or conflicts with your application. See Show Menu key tune option below.)

Refresh
Redraws the window.

Exit
Ends your session immediately; any unsaved data is lost. Remember that Exit is the last-resort method for ending a session. When possible, you should always end a DOS session by typing quit at the DOS prompt. To end a Windows session you should always close all open applications and then exit Windows.

Options menu

The Options menu provides these options:

Mouse Focus to DOS
Dedicates your mouse to the DOS program running in the DOS window. When Mouse Focus to DOS is selected, the mouse cannot be used outside of the DOS window. You also cannot use the mouse to move or resize the DOS window.

To return the mouse to Desktop use, use the Show Menu key, which is by default <Shift><F12>. (You can redefine this key if the default is not convenient or conflicts with your application. See Show Menu key tune option below.)

DOS Fonts
Allows you to pick the size of the font you want to use for DOS sessions:

Automatic
Chooses an appropriate font size based on the resolution of your Desktop display.

Small
Selects the 6x13 DOS font.

Medium
Selects the 8x14 DOS font.

Tune
Displays the Tune menu, which provides the following options:

Autozoom
Causes your session to zoom automatically whenever zooming is required by the application you are running.

Autofreeze
Causes your session to suspend if the input focus is switched to another window on the Desktop.

Use Private Colormap
Sets the colors for your Desktop, including your DOS window, to the sixteen standard text colors. You may need to do this if the text in your DOS window is hard to see or the colors in your DOS applications seem strange.

Show Menu Key
Displays a Key Properties dialog box that allows you to view or change the Show Menu key setting. (The Show Menu key causes the menu to be shown if it is hidden and unfocuses the mouse if it is focused to DOS.)

Unzoom Key
Displays a Key Properties dialog box that allows you to view or change the Unzoom key setting. (The Unzoom key undoes the effect of the Zoom selection in the Window menu.)

Clicking OK accepts the settings you have selected; clicking Cancel abandons your changes.

Help menu

The Help menu provides online information on various topics.